FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE Please note – only the information covered in the first 4 weeks will be on the Midterm! Some of these concepts are covered early in the course; others are covered after the midterm. This serves as a guide to help you as you are preparing and studying for the midterm and final. Reviewing the text, notes, and powerpoints along with this list is also recommended.
Stages of Play
Attribution Theory/Rotter’s Theory (internal vs external)
Characteristics of Expert Teachers (content vs pedagogy)
Characteristics of Expert Students (self-efficacy, volition, effort)
Chomsky
Ainsworth’s attachment theory
Piaget Equilibration, assimilation, accommodation
Stages
Research support
Critical Thinking/Creativity
Vygotsky (ZPD, scaffolding and intervention)
Maslow’s theory/Deficiency vs growth needs
Classical Conditioning/Pavlov UCS, CS, UCR, CR
Stimulus generalization
(Little Albert, Pavlov’s dogs)
Extinction
Operant Conditioning/Learning/Skinner Pos/Neg reinforcement and punishment
Reinforcement schedules (fixed ratio, fixed interval, etc.) Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence
Descriptive vs. experimental research
Social Learning Theory
Externalizing vs Internalizing behaviors
ELL/ESL language development/ acquisition
Kohlberg’s theory
Memory ST, LT, etc.
categories of long-term memory
Declarative/procedural, etc.
Memory strategies (e.g., chunking)
Sensory register, sensory integration
Reasoning Inductive, deductive (and syllogisms), prototypes, exemplars, heuristics (overconfidence, underconfidience, representativeness…)
Disabilities Giftedness, autism, OHI (Other Health Impaired), SLD (Specific Learning Disability), ADHD, Intellectual Disability, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Emotional Disturbance
Intelligence Cattell and Horn (fluid, crystalized)
Gardner
Heritability, modifiability
Sternberg’s Triarchic theory
Gender Development (theories, behavioral, biological, social learning)
SES, Male vs. Female differences, Poverty
Constructivist approach to learning
Bloom’s
Parenting Styles
Classroom rules/behavior management
Risk factors and mental health (depression, suicide, symptoms…)
