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Question 1. What term is used to describe a hernial protrusion of a saclike cyst that contains meninges, spinal fluid, and a portion of the spinal cord through a defect in a posterior arch of a vertebra?
Question 2. What provides the best estimate of the functioning of renal tissue?
Question 3. Where are Langerhans cells found?
Question 4. Where in the lung does gas exchange occur?
Question 5. The tonic neck reflex observed in a newborn should no longer be obtainable by:
Question 6. When renin is released, it is capable of which action?
Question 7. The portion of the antigen that is configured for recognition and binding is referred to as what type of determinant?
Question 8. Which sexually transmitted infection frequently coexists with gonorrhea?
Question 9. How is the effectiveness of vitamin B12 therapy measured?
Question 10. Carcinoma refers to abnormal cell proliferation originating from which tissue origin?
Question 11. Which type of microorganism reproduces on the skin?
Question 12. An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection murmur located between the second and third intercostal spaces along the left sternal border. A wide fixed splitting of the second heart sound is also found. These clinical findings are consistent with which congenital heart defect?
Question 13. An infant diagnosed with a small patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) would likely exhibit which symptom?
Question 14. What is the function of erythrocytes?
Question 15. Which terms represent the correct nomenclature for benign and malignant tumors of adipose tissue, respectively?
Question 16. What is the chance with each pregnancy that a child born to two parents with the sickle trait will have sickle cell disease (SCD)?
Question 17. What pulmonary defense mechanism propels a mucous blanket that entraps particles moving toward the oropharynx?
Question 18. The concentration of the final urine is determined by antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which is secreted by which gland?
Question 19. Why is the herpes virus inaccessible to antibodies after the initial infection?
Question 20. Which renal change is found in older adults?
Question 21. Which immunoglobulin is present in blood, saliva, breast milk, and respiratory secretions?
Question 22. Which hormone prompts increased anxiety, vigilance, and arousal during a stress response?
Question 23. Which statement is true regarding maternal antibodies provided to the neonate?
Question 24. The function of the tumor cell marker is to:
Question 25. Which statement is true concerning a fungal infection?
Question 26. Which change is a result of puberty and defends the vagina from infection?
Question 27. The number of persons living with a specific disease at a specific point in time is referred to by which term?
Question 28. Which risk factor for hypertension is influenced by genetic factors and lifestyle?
Question 29. Having ejected a mature ovum, the ovarian follicle develops into a(n):
Question 30. The failure of bones to ossify, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformity, characterizes which disorder?
Question 31. What is the term that denotes the duration of time or the intensity of pain that a person will endure before outwardly responding?
Question 32. Aldosterone directly increases the reabsorption of:
Question 33. Atrial fibrillation, rheumatic heart disease, and valvular prosthetics are risk factors for which type of stroke?
Question 34. Which clinical manifestations are associated with fibromyalgia?
Question 35. Prolonged high environmental temperatures that produce dehydration, decreased plasma volumes, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and tachycardia cause which disorder of temperature regulation?
Question 36. What is the leading cause of infertility in women?
Question 37. Which substance is a water-soluble protein hormone?
Question 38. What is the target tissue for prolactin-releasing factor?
Question 39. What is the cause of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)?
Question 40. Regarding type 2 diabetes, obesity is considered to be what type of risk?
Question 41. Which four-step process correctly describes muscle contraction?
Question 42. Adoption studies have shown that the offspring of an alcoholic parent when raised by nonalcoholic parents have what amount of an increased risk of developing alcoholism?
Question 43. Which hormone stimulates gonads to produce both male and female hormones?
Question 44. A person with 47, XXY karyotype has the genetic disorder resulting in which syndrome?
Question 45. Which would be considered a positive symptom of schizophrenia?
Question 46. What term describes the loss of the comprehension or production of language?
Question 47. Consanguinity refers to the mating of persons:
Question 48. The major sleep center is located in which section of the brain?
Question 49. Which type of ion directly controls the contraction of muscles?
Question 50. Bacteria gain access to the female urinary tract by which means?
Question 51. A criterion for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a period of excessive worrying that lasts for at least how many months?
Question 52. What is the first indication of nephrotic syndrome in children?
Question 53. An amniocentesis indicates a neural tube defect when an increase in which protein is evident?
Question 54. What is the risk for the recurrence of autosomal dominant diseases?
Question 55. Which term is used to identify the temporary displacement of two bones causing the bone surfaces to partially lose contact?
Question 56. The tear in a ligament is referred to as a:
Question 57. Why is prolonged diarrhea more severe in children than it is in adults?
Question 58. The BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase the risk of which cancer in women?
Question 59. Insulin transports which electrolyte in the cell?
Question 60. What term is used to identify an interlacing bundle of dense, white fibrous tissue that is richly supplied with nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels?
Question 61. Which of the following is a lipid-soluble hormone?
Question 62. The mucosal secretions of the cervix secrete which immunoglobulin?
Question 63. The sudden apparent arousal in which a child expresses intense fear or another strong emotion while still in a sleep state characterizes which sleep disorder?
Question 64. What is the basic structural unit in compact bone?
Question 65. Parkinson disease is a degenerative disorder of the brain’s:
Question 66. Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain?
Question 67. Saliva contains which immunoglobulin (Ig)?
Question 68. What type of fracture occurs at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality and is a result of a force that would not normally cause a fracture?
Question 69. An infant suddenly develops abdominal pain, becomes irritable (colicky), and draws up the knees. Vomiting occurs soon afterward. The mother reports that the infant passed a normal stool, followed by one that looked like currant jelly. Based on these data, which disorder does the nurse suspect?
Question 70. In 95% of children of delayed puberty, the problem is caused by:
Question 71. Which characteristic is true of type II (white fast-motor) muscle fibers?
Question 72. Neurofibrillary tangles characterize which neurologic disorder?
Question 73. Which hormone triggers uterine contractions?
Question 74. How does the release (increase) of epinephrine raise body temperature?
Question 75. Which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty?
